11/13/2023 0 Comments Not showing up in bmi repertoire![]() The investigators reported discrepant results first in terms of observational vs causal estimate odds ratios (ORs) and showed inconsistency in terms of finding significant associations with CHD and stroke. Studies by Nordestgaard et al 10 (N = 75 627), Holmes et al 11 (N = 34 548), and Hägg et al 12 (N = 22 193) compared observational with causal estimates of the association of BMI with CHD, stroke, and type 2 diabetes. In instances where genetic risk factors for a trait (eg, BMI) have been reported, these can be used to proxy lifetime variation of the trait and facilitate analysis of whether the trait plays a causal role in disease risk through instrumental variable analysis. 8 Mendelian randomization (MR) is an approach that partially overcomes these limitations. Quiz Ref ID Correlations between higher BMI and cardiometabolic disease risk usually arise from observational studies that are unable to fully account for confounding by shared risk factors, such as socioeconomic deprivation, or reverse causality whereby the presence of disease may influence BMI. 6 Although lifestyle factors are considerable drivers of excess adiposity, BMI has a significant genetic component: approximately 34% of BMI variation can be attributed to common genetic loci. 2 Higher BMI is a risk factor for outcomes associated with lower quality of life and functional impairment, including cardiometabolic diseases such as hypertension, 3 coronary heart disease (CHD), type 2 diabetes, 4 stroke, 5 and cognitive impairment. 1 A total of 40% of adults worldwide are overweight, with a body mass index (BMI) of 25 or more (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared), and 13% are obese (BMI 30). Obesity is a major public health concern in terms of economic costs and effect on quality of life and health. This finding has relevance for public health policies in many countries with increasing obesity levels. These associations were independent of age, sex, Townsend deprivation scores, alcohol intake, and smoking history.Ĭonclusions and Relevance The results of this study add to the burgeoning evidence of an association between higher BMI and increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Results Of the 119 859 individuals included in the study, 56 816 (47.4%) were men mean (SD) age was 56.87 (7.93) years. A polygenic risk score comprising 93 single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with BMI from previous genome-wide association studies was constructed, and the genetic risk score was applied to derive causal estimates using a mendelian randomization approach. Participants self-reported sociodemographic information pertaining to relevant confounders. Main Outcomes and Measures Prevalence of hypertension, coronary heart disease, and type 2 diabetes were determined at assessment, based on self-report. The present study was conducted from May 1 to July 11, 2016. ![]() Participants attended 1 of 22 assessment centers across the United Kingdom between 20. Objectives To use UK Biobank data to report causal estimates of the association between BMI and cardiometabolic disease outcomes and traits, such as pulse rate, using mendelian randomization.ĭesign, Setting, and Participants Cross-sectional baseline data from a population-based cohort study including 119 859 UK Biobank participants with complete phenotypic (medical and sociodemographic) and genetic data. Importance Higher body mass index (BMI) is a risk factor for cardiometabolic disease however, the underlying causal associations remain unclear. Shared Decision Making and Communication.Scientific Discovery and the Future of Medicine.Health Care Economics, Insurance, Payment.Clinical Implications of Basic Neuroscience.Challenges in Clinical Electrocardiography.
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